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“深海科技”写入2025年政府工作报告,部分省市也出台政策,鼓励发展深海科技。资本市场上,相关概念股纷纷得到资本关注。

证券时报记者注意到,知名私募大佬葛卫东也对这个热门领域产生了浓厚兴趣,其旗下的上海混沌投资(集团)有限公司(下称“混沌投资”)近期入股了一家深海科技公司。

伴随着A股公司年报的陆续披露,相关上市公司的深海技术及产业规划也愈发清晰。

葛卫东“飞天下海”

北京产权交易所发布的信息显示,中科星图深海科技有限公司(下称“星图深海”)35%股权转让项目于近期完成交易。

星图深海前身为铨铨信息,成立于2014年4月。2023年7月,中科星图耗资1436.84万元收购铨铨信息65%股权,成为该公司控股股东。在此之前,上市公司于同年1月以2012.5万元,并购了铨铨信息的气象海洋业务。2023年8月,铨铨信息更名为星图深海。

星图深海总部位于杭州市,公司主要从事深海感知装备研制、深海“三查”服务及深海数据服务。

去年11月,星图深海曾参与中国科学院深海所牵头实施的国产化无人潜水器相关验证活动。今年3月末,星图深海宣布同北航杭研院共建“海洋低空智能化底座”联合实验室。

企查查显示,星图深海上述挂牌转让的35%股权被6家公司分食。其中,混沌投资受让了5%股权,认缴出资额为250万元。本轮融资后,中科星图持有星图深海30%股权,与共青城星图海纳投资并列为公司第一大股东。

混沌投资系私募大佬葛卫东的核心投资平台。企查查显示,葛卫东、王萍分别持有混沌投资83.2573%、10.6328%股权,系公司前两大股东。

从工商资料来看,星图深海应该是葛卫东及混沌投资直接投资的首家深海科技企业。混沌投资的投资方向以半导体、新材料为主,持有海光信息、上海超硅半导体、芯投微电子等公司股权。

同时,葛卫东还大举布局卫星产业。混沌投资曾参与银河航天的融资。中国卫通2024年年报显示,葛卫东、王萍新进成为公司前十大股东,合计持股3218.9万股,市值超5.5亿元。

随着对星图深海的投资落地,葛卫东的投资对海陆空都有涉及。

中国投资协会上市公司投资专业委员会副会长支培元对记者表示,从市场需求来看,深海科技作为打开海洋资源宝库的钥匙,对于开发海洋资源、推动海洋产业升级意义重大。资本的关注与投入是符合经济规律的理性选择。

关键装备国产化

深海同浅海对应,一般指海平面下超过200米的海域。虽然深海科技尚没有十分明确的定义,但业界普遍认为是指用于探索、开发和利用深海资源,以及研究深海环境的一系列先进技术和相关学科的总称,具体包括深海探测技术、深海资源开发技术、深海通信与导航技术及深海工程技术等。

“深海科技可以助力国家在海洋油气、矿产等资源的勘探和开采上取得突破,满足国家能源需求,保障资源安全。同时,对于海洋生态的保护和修复,深海科技也能发挥相应作用。”天使投资人、资深人工智能专家郭涛表示。

早前,工信部等七部委曾在去年1月联合印发《关于推动未来产业创新发展的实施意见》,提出要加快深海潜水器、深海作业装备等研制及创新应用。

在2025年政府工作报告中,深海科技首次被列为新质生产力的核心组成部分,与商业航天、低空经济并列。

新智派新质生产力会客厅联合创始发起人袁帅认为,这意味着深海科技正式上升为国家战略。伴随政策红利的释放,相关产业链将迎来大的发展机遇。可以预见的是,产业投融资将会逐步增多。

近年来,我国海洋经济快速成长,为深海科技的发展提供了相应的产业基础。2024年,全国海洋生产总值历史性突破10万亿元,占GDP比重为7.8%。其中,海洋旅游、海洋运输、渔业、油气等系海洋产业的主要支撑。

综合券商观点来看,也普遍判断政策红利、技术突破与资本涌入有望带来深海产业链景气度共振。

如国泰海通证券认为,我国海洋资源开发设备领域国产化水平仍低,深海能源开发和关键海工装备国产化前景广阔。

天风证券表示,深海资源开发亟需技术突破,预计未来深海资源开发效率将大大提升,有望推动海洋经济从传统“浅层开发”模式,向涵盖勘探、开采、加工的全产业链价值挖掘模式跨越。

银河证券则表示,政策推动下,我国深海科技发展有望提速,一方面将加快推动深海装备产业化进程,另一方面有望深化核心装备及关键部件自主可控。其建议关注具备深海技术的船舶及海工装备公司,以及具备国产替代能力的关键核心部件公司。

上市公司纷纷布局

3月中旬,A股深海科技板块曾出现了一波行情。

在企业战略专家霍虹屹看来,当一个产业还处于“政策导向+前沿突破”的早期阶段,资本市场的反应往往先于业绩兑现。投资者应该更关注深海科技企业实质性技术突破和工程化能力,“技术的硬度,才是公司股价的支撑点”。

一些上市公司的2024年年报提到了深海科技。时代电气年报称,公司在深海机器人技术领域拥有自主知识产权。

据悉,公司攻克了水下机器人电力推进技术、水下远程高压直流输配电技术、重型作业机器人集成技术和大功率安全高效布放回收技术,实现水下遥控作业机器人、水下挖沟铺缆机器人的海试及批量交付,成功服务于深海科考、可燃冰钻探、海底管缆的铺设、海上风电海缆施工、大坝检修等重大领域。

报告期内,公司首套6000米级深海重载ROV系统成功通过海试验证,支撑“梦想号”可燃冰钻探,填补国内超深水大洋科考钻探及探采技术领域空白。

中海油服在年报中表示,公司将加快深海油气资源勘探开发;持续加大研发投入,聚焦深海核心钻井装备等投入方向。

航天智造表示,公司在油气装备领域有深厚的技术与研发优势。其中,分簇射孔系统实现了关键技术全面替代进口,整体达到国际先进水平;无碎屑射孔弹、等孔径自清洁射孔弹技术为我国海洋油气资源开发解决了关键技术难题。

公司判断,随着全球石油天然气开发的结构性变化,深海、深地油气开采将成为未来大型油气公司的重点关注领域,非常规油气设备的需求将随着非常规油气开采的突破性发展而快速提升。

海油工程称,公司成功实施了国内首批真正意义上的大型深水工程,初步形成了涵盖深水半潜平台、深水钢悬链线立管、水下生产系统及深海管道管线铺设等一系列综合性的深水业务能力。其中,“深海一号”和“海基一号”等重大装备的成功交付,标志着我国海洋石油开发能力全面迈入了“超深水时代”。

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