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俱乐部娇妻被黑人征服|感悟生活中的温馨与幽默
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俱乐部娇妻被黑人征服|感悟生活中的温馨与幽默

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  巴黎4月18日电当地时间4月16日,首届汇流教育论坛在法国里昂成功举办。本次论坛由中国驻法国使馆、中国驻里昂总领馆和新中法大学协会主办。

  中国驻里昂总领事于江、里昂大学联盟副主席薄思敏、新中法大学协会副主席拉巴特以及江苏省农业代表团、奥罗阿大区议会代表等出席本次活动。来自北京、上海、广州、南京、武汉等国内城市30余所高校和里昂所在的奥罗阿大区20余所高校及科研机构百余名代表线上线下齐聚一堂,展开一场关于深化中国有关城市和法国奥罗阿大区教育合作的热烈讨论。

  月薪3500元的保安因为违反竞业协议而“摊上事”,撕开了部分企业滥用这一劳动条款的遮羞布

  近日,人力资源社会保障部、最高人民法院联合发布第四批劳动人事争议典型案例,其中,月薪3500元的保安李某跳槽,公司以“违反竞业协议”索要20万违约金一案引发关注。

  月薪3500元,劳动合同约定的主要职责为每日到商业楼宇街区开展日常巡逻,这样一份保安工作竟然也和竞业协议扯上了边,并被企业据此索要20万违约金,实在让人大跌眼镜。

  仲裁委员会最终不予支持该保安公司要求李某支付竞业限制违约金的请求,此案被纳入劳动人事争议典型案例,也是向一些行业、企业敲响了警钟:滥用竞业协议的病,该好好治治了。

  众所周知,竞业协议目的是让员工在离职后一段时间内,不得从事与原企业业务相竞争的工作或活动,以此来保护企业商业秘密。根据法律规定,竞业限制的主体对象是用人单位的高级管理人员、高级技术人员和其他负有保密义务的人员。而月薪3500元的保安因为违反竞业协议而“摊上事”,显然是撕开了部分企业滥用这一劳动条款的遮羞布。

  现实中,这样的奇葩案例并非孤例。据媒体此前报道,有论文曾对454份竞业限制纠纷案的判决书进行分析,发现竞业限制义务主体中仅有13%为高级管理人员,8%为高级技术人员,70%均为“负有保密义务的其他人员”。而这70%中又有77%是操作工人、前台、保安、保洁等基层岗位员工。甚至有的单位被指要求“全员竞业”。这表明,本来是针对特定群体的竞业限制,在被不加区分地滥用,而这无疑会给劳动者造成负面影响,对此必须加以有效规制。

  从出发点看,一些企业之所以把竞业协议纳入标准格式合同、扩大化施行,目的未必是真的要在员工身上赚取违约金,而主要是为震慑与防止在职员工跳槽。

  但无论初衷如何,这种利用雇主优势对员工滥用竞业协议的做法,于理于法都说不过去。它使得员工的自主择业权无形中背负了一把“达摩克利斯之剑”。并且,如果企业把该条款轻易用到一些原本并不符合竞业限制的岗位上,这也难免让相应从业者在不知情的情况下掉入权益陷阱。

  如果一些企业明知道该做法不妥,还是放任其滥用,对应的是一种劳动者权益保障困境,即劳动者往往难以真正对企业的不合理要求作出有效“拒绝”。甚至,明明遭遇不合理的竞业限制伤害,劳动者的维权过程也未必顺利。这样一种现实状况,会进一步放大企业的侥幸心理。因此,要彻底扭转这种不良风气,还应做得更多。

  比如,法律层面加强对竞业协议合理性的审查和界定,把好公平关口,让拿着不合理竞业协议来限制员工就业的做法无法得逞。同时,劳动监察部门也应主动巡查,将竞业协议滥用纳入到日常的劳动监察执法范畴,有力敦促企业及时扫除这一“潜规则”。更进一步,企业滥用竞业限制到底该承担怎样的法律责任和后果,也需要进一步明晰,要让企业在重新审视自身利弊的基础上,真正减少滥用的动力。

  滥用竞业限制,侵害了劳动者合法权益,影响了人力资源合理流动,损害了正常的营商环境,对此就该“零容忍”。无论如何,竞业协议不能沦为部分企业以法为名行掠夺之实的不良手段,让其依法回归设立初衷,避免被滥用和污名化,值得各方共同重视。

  成都商报-红星新闻特约评论员朱昌俊 俱乐部娇妻被黑人征服|感悟生活中的温馨与幽默的相关文章 家属回应老人免密支付买了550只鸡崽的相关文章
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